The dollar fell slightly in Asian trade, but was sitting on strong gains so far this week as weak economic signals from China and uncertainty over the Federal Reserve spurred safe haven demand for the greenback.
The dollar index and dollar index futures both fell about 0.1% on Wednesday, but were still trading up 0.4% for the week.
The Chinese yuan was the best performer among Asian currencies on Wednesday, trading up 0.4% at 7.1883 by 00:17 ET (04:17 GMT). But the currency saw volatile swings, having risen as much as 1% earlier in the session before nearly capitulating all gains.
Chinese consumer price index (CPI) inflation shrank 0.3% in the 12 months to July – its first such contraction in nearly two years. While Chinese officials said that the decline was only temporary, the data still signaled worsening economic conditions in the country.
CPI inflation grew slightly in July from the prior month, while producer price index inflation also shrank at a slower pace. The readings spurred some optimism over an eventual pick-up in Chinese inflation over the coming months, especially as Beijing rolls out more stimulus measures.
But the drop in annual CPI, coupled with disappointing trade data from China on Tuesday, still pointed to a slowing post-COVID economic recovery in Asia’s largest economy. The data also dented sentiment towards broader Asian markets.
The South Korean won fell 0.2% as an unexpected increase in unemployment pushed up expectations that the Bank of Korea will cut interest rates sooner than expected.
The Japanese yen rose 0.1% after dropping sharply in the past two sessions, amid growing uncertainty over the Bank of Japan’s plans for monetary policy.
The Australian dollar rose 0.1%, also recovering from two days of losses, while the Indian rupee added 0.1% ahead of a Reserve Bank of India meeting on Thursday.
Most Asian currencies were nursing steep losses for the week, as markets turned risk-averse ahead of key U.S. CPI inflation data due on Thursday.
The reading is expected to show that U.S. inflation grew slightly in July from the prior month, potentially keeping the pressure on the Federal Reserve to keep raising interest rates.
Any further increases in U.S. rates bode poorly for Asian currencies and positively for the dollar, as the gap between risky and low-risk yields narrows.
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